Received June 28, 2004; revision received October 13, 2004; accepted November 12, 2004. From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Mass. Guest Editor for this article was Roberto Bolli, MD. Correspondence to Wilson S. Colucci, MD, Cardiovascular Section, Boston University Medical Center, 88 E Newton St, Boston, MA 02118. E-mail Wilson.colucci bmc 2005 American Heart Association, Inc. Circulation is available at : circulationaha DOI: 10.1161 01.CIR.0000157148.59308.F5.
HOW CAN I REMEMBER TO TAKE MY MEDICINE?, for example, tretinoin.
The Patent List is the entire list of patents or the `hit list', which is generated by DOLPHIN as part of the Company Report. This is effectively the full record set, upon which the graphical and statistical analyses are performed. Records are displayed sorted in descending order by first priority filing date; this date is shown in brackets for each entry, to the immediate right of the publication date. Initially, only the first 50 most recent ; records are displayed. To view the entire patent list, click on the "Show all patents" link at the bottom of the page. When you view a patent subset by clicking on one of the graphs or tables, you can create a new company report based on this subset alone You can look at a subset of records within a report e.g. all the immune records ; , by clicking on one of the graphs or tables for the subset you want. This will generate a corresponding patents list of the records. You can then click on the "Include company graphical report for this subset." link at the top of the list to generate a new company report based only on the subset of records you have chosen.
Shah and Ohlsson 2002 ; found maternal stress to alter both neuro-endocrine and immunological processes that triggered preterm, LBW, SGA births; however, they noted that much of the evidence they reviewed was not of high quality. They found emerging evidence indicated that maternal depression could be playing key role in preterm birth and LBW; however, more research was required to confirm this hypothesis. Finally, methodological differences among studies assessing the impact of social support on birth outcomes made it difficult for Shah and Ohlsson to assess the evidence supporting or negating the association between the lack of social support and adverse birth outcomes. Shah and Ohlsson's literature review did not address certain other stressors e.g., recent life events ; that are becoming recognized as maternal health risk factors by the academic community. The discussion that follows describes some innovative studies that begin to explore this association. A number of studies support the notion that social conditions influence birth outcomes Pegal et al, 1990; Pedderman, 1990; Schenker et al, 1997; Sheehan 1998; Mackey et al, 1999; Sable and Wilkinson, 2000; Pevalin et al, 2001; and Moutiquin, 2003 ; in the following way, because adapalene.
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Pharmacology adapalene is a chemically stable retinoid-like compound.
In fact, adapalene was no more irritating than petrolatum and
advair.
Other medical problems— the presence of other medical problems may affect the use of adapalene.
Retinoids such as tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene and isotrex ; are considered the most effective treatment for acne but can increase skin sensitivity to the sun making sunburn a potential problem and
aldactone.
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Figure 2. Evolution of cerebral ischemia in rats treated with vehicle or reparixin after permanent ischemia. Reparixin 15 mg kg ; was given 1 h after MCAO followed by three 15 mg kg s.c. doses at 2 h intervals. A ; Representative Tr D ; images of a coronal brain section taken 2, 24, and 48 h after the induction of ischemia in rats treated with vehicle top ; or reparixin bottom ; . B ; Infarct volume measured at different times in the Tr D ; images of vehicle n 8 ; or reparixin-treated rats n 8 ; . * The evolution of the lesions with time, was significantly different from vehicle and drug treated groups, considering the whole time course of each group P 0.05 and
aldara.
The drugs are very similar in their mode of action and clinical effects.
Of noisy respirations. In addition, placing the patient in a lateral recumbent position with the head slightly elevated may help reduce pooling of secretions and reduce noisy respirations. COUGH Cough can be a troublesome symptom; it occurs in 29% to 83% of terminally ill patients.2, 26 Although a defense mechanism to protect pulmonary airways, cough can aggravate nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, and musculoskeletal pain.2 Cough can be precipitated by numerous causes, which can be classified into 4 categories: 1 ; cardiopulmonary eg, asthma, COPD, CHF, tumors 2 ; esophageal eg, gastroesophageal reflux disease 3 ; drug-induced eg, angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and 4 ; aspirational eg, in multiple sclerosis ; .26 As with the treatment of nausea, vomiting, and dyspnea, the treatment of cough in terminally ill patients should address the underlying cause. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids may be useful for COPD, diuretics and vasodilators for CHF, 2 and antihistamines and decongestants for postnasal drainage.9 Various pharmacologic treatments for cough in palliative therapy are listed in Table 6. When cough is refractory, management depends on whether the cough is productive or nonproductive.27 If the cough is productive and the patient is able to expectorate without causing pain eg, when there are no bone metastases ; , an expectorant such as guaifenesin may be indicated but may aggravate nausea and vomiting in terminally ill patients.24 If the cough is nonproductive or productive with an inability to expectorate, suppression of cough is indicated. Opioids remain the most efficacious cough suppressants23 and are the preferred agents for terminally ill and
alendronate.
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12. Daley J. Medical uncertainty and practice variation get personal: What should I do about hormone replacement therapy? Ann Int Med. 1999; 130: 602-604. Lindsay R, Hart DM, Forrest C, et al. Prevention of spinal osteoporosis in oophorectomised women. Lancet. 1980; 2: 1151-1154. Riggs BL, Melton LJ, III. The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 1992; 327: 620-627. Cauley JA, Seeley DG, Ensrud K, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women. Ann Int Med. 1995; 122: 9-16. Schneider DL, Barrett-Connor EL, Morton DJ. Timing of postmenopausal estrogen for optimal bone mineral density. The Rancho Bernardo Study. JAMA. 1997; 277: 543-547. Felson DT, Zhang Y, Hannan MT, et al. The effect of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on bone density in elderly women. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329: 1141-1146. Ettinger B, Grady D. The waning effect of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329: 1192-1193. Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and cardiovascular disease. Ten-year follow-up from the Nurses' Health Study. N Engl J Med. 1991; 325: 756-762. Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA. Estrogen replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: a quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic evidence. Prev Med. 1991; 20: 47-63. Sotelo MM, Johnson SR. The effects of hormone replacement therapy on coronary heart disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Amer. 1997; 26: 313-328. Writing Group of the PEPI Trial. Effects of estrogen or estrogen progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen Progestin Interventions PEPI ; Trial. JAMA. 1995; 273: 199-208. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA. 1998; 280: 605-613. Bush TL. Lessons from HERS: The null and beyond. J Women's Health. 1998; 7: 781-783 and
amlodipine.
Your physician is responsible for all treatment decisions can prescribe any medication he or she believes is appropriate for you; however, coverage of a prescribed medication is determined according to your prescription drug benefit plan, because what is adapalene.
Immediately after the administration of a fatal dose of avertin, the thoracic cavity was opened by careful dissection. The trachea was then exposed, and a small transverse incision made just below the level of the larynx. BAL was then performed using two doses of 0.5 ml of PBS, ensuring that both lungs inflated during the lavage process and that there was no leakage of lavage fluid from the trachea. The lavage samples from each mouse were pooled and kept on ice until processing. BAL was centrifuged at 400 g for 5 min, and the supernatant was removed. The volume of supernatant from each lavage was measured before storage at 70C until assay of cytokines. To remove any contaminating RBC, the BAL cell pellet was resuspended in 1 ml FACS Lysis Buffer BD Biosciences, Oxford, U.K. ; , incubated for 10 min at 18C, washed twice in PBS, and then resuspended in 1 ml PBS. Cell number was then counted using a hemocytometer. Cytospin preparations were made using a Cytospin Shandon, Pittsburg, PA ; , then were stained with Diff-Quik Triangle Biomedical Sciences, Skelmersdale, U.K. ; , a rapid Romanowsky staining method. Differential cell counting was performed using standard morphological criteria and amoxycillin.
Limited use benefit prior approval required ; . For the treatment of: Rheumatoid Arthritis according to established criteria. Please refer to Appendix A ; . 40MG Vial Injection 02258595 HUMIRA ABB, for example, adapalene cream.
Drug dependence the pain fluocinonide is later febrile with hygiene and clavulanate.
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Secondary skin infection with S aureus, depression, and, rarely, pseudotumor cerebri and skeletal hyperostoses.14, 23 Occasionally, patients may have mildly to moderately raised liver function test results. Some of the adverse effects are treatable: dryness and irritation are treatable with emollients, while pain or stiffness of the bones and joints can be controlled with aspirin or nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs. Hypertriglyceridemia is usually mild and can be controlled by dietary management and weight control. Elevations of serum triglycerides or liver enzymes may occur, but are not usually clinically significant.22 Baseline liver function tests and fasting lipid profile are suggested, with recommendations for follow-up monitoring ranging from every 4 to 8 weeks to less frequently if baseline values are normal.22 NEW ANTIACNE AGENTS During the past few years, several new agents have become available for the treatment of patients with acne vulgaris. These include new retinoids, new tretinoin formulations, azelaic acid, a new formulation of sodium sulfacetamide, and an oral contraceptive containing a second-generation progestin. New Topical Retinoids Retinoids encompass vitamin A retinoic acid ; , its analogs, and any agent that exerts a physiological action by interacting with retinoic acid receptors and binding proteins.23 Newer agents with retinoid activity include adapalene Differin; Galderma Laboratories, Ft Worth, Tex ; , tazarotene Tazorac; Allergan Inc, Irvine, Calif ; , and 2 new formulations of tretinoin with less irritation potential than current dosage forms Retin-A Micro; Ortho Pharmaceuticals, Raritan, NJ, and Avita Cream; Penederm Inc, Foster City, Calif ; . Qdapalene Adapalnee is a synthetic naphthoic acid derivative with retinoid activity. It has a distinctly different chemical structure from tretinoin and in and ampicillin.
Unpaid. The settlement agreement shall specify the last business day on which timely payment may be made. 8.16.7 Interest The Department will not pay interest on the security deposit referenced in subparagraph 5, nor shall it pay interest on any other amounts due the contractor unless payment is more than 30 days in arrears and this contract stipulates that interest on late payments is owing. An ASO contractor shall pay the Department interest on all funds held by the contractor for the Department, including check float. The Department will bargain in good faith with respect to the total structure of the financial arrangements such that the contractor and the Department are both protected against the untimely payment of amounts due, including weekly claims reimbursements. 8.17 Premiums 8.17.1 Insured Contracts Insured plans shall establish premiums in accordance with their own procedures. Notice of any change in premiums shall be accomplished using the Premium Buildup form referenced in sub-paragraph 1 of paragraph 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3. 8.17.2 ASO Contracts ASO plans shall propose premiums using the Premium Buildup form referenced in subparagraph 1 of paragraph 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3. The Department retains the right to establish premiums for each ASO plan. In establishing such premiums, the Department will consider the contractor's proposal, the age, gender, and, as may be feasible, the health risks of the enrolled population, the administrative costs of the Department, the relative efficiency of the plan's provider networks and utilization management, the prices the plan pays for services, the plan's administrative costs, and such other factors as may be relevant. 8.17.3 Surcharges All plans shall participate in the costs of the Department in the administration of the employee health benefits program, and in the costs of activities which benefit the insureds of all plans, such as the annual enrollment and CommonHealth, the Department's work site health promotion program. All rate projections should include a surcharge of 2% to recognize these costs. In addition, insured plans are subject to premium adjustments based on the age and gender of their enrollees. See Appendix 7 for the age sex factors and the settlement form currently used to compute these adjustments. For the state employee group plans, all insured plans will be paid 98% of the agreed upon premium, plus minus any premium adjustments based upon the age sex settlement. For The Local Choice program, all insured plans will be paid the total monthly premium by each group having enrollees under the insured plan. A monthly Age Sex settlement for each.
Synopsis A report in the Archives of Internal Medicine has found that over 1 year, health care costs for obese individuals are higher than for non-obese persons, primarily because of drug costs. This retrospective study was conducted in 539 obese and 1225 non-obese individuals matched by age, sex, medical clinic, and selected diagnoses. Data were collected on hospitalisations, outpatient visits, professional claims, and prescriptions over 1 year. The following data were reported: Obese patients had more hospitalisations P 0.001 ; , prescription drugs P 0.001 ; , professional claims P 0.001 ; , and outpatient visits P 0.005 ; . Obese patients used more cardiovascular, intranasal allergic rhinitis, asthma, ulcer, diabetes, thyroid, and analgesic drugs. Total costs between groups were different median of $585.44 for obese and $333.24 for non-obese patients; P 0.001 ; . Cost differences were primarily due to medications P 0.001 ; . Predictors of total costs were age, sex, BMI, and chronic disease score CDS ; . For each unit BMI increase, costs increased 2.3% P 0.001 ; . For each CDS unit increase, costs increased 52.9% P 0.001 and anastrozole and adapalene, for instance, tretinoin adapalene.
Brent L. Finley, Ph.D., DABT Principal Health Scientist Page 9.
1st dam SILLY IMP IRE ; : 2 wins at 3 and placed twice; dam of 4 previous foals; 3 runners; 1 winner: Pensacola IRE ; 99 f. by Pennekamp USA : placed at 3; also winner at 4, 2003 in Germany and placed. Silly Lovesong IRE ; 01 f. by Second Empire IRE : placed at 3, 2004. She also has a yearling filly by King Charlemagne USA ; . 2nd dam SILLY SONG: winner at 3 and placed twice; dam of 8 winners inc.: Golden Rhyme f. by Dom Racine FR : 2 wins and placed twice inc. 2nd Duchess of Montrose H. S., L.; dam of 6 winners inc.: SEATTLE RHYME USA ; : 3 wins at 2 and 221, 735 inc. Racing Post Trophy, Gr.1 and Stardom S., L., placed 2nd Solario S., Gr.3, 3rd Juddmonte International S., Gr.1, CIGA Grand Criterium, Gr.1 and Bonusprint September S., Gr.3. Korypheos: 8 wins and 33, 968 and placed 15 times. Silius: 2 wins at 4 and 32, 040 and placed 17 times; dam of 4 winners inc.: DAIRINE'S DELIGHT IRE ; : 9 wins and 55, 039 inc. Topaz Sprint S., L. and Newark Int.Antiques Collectors Rous S., L., 2nd Tipperary Sprint, L. Singing Millie: 2 wins at 3 and placed 4 times; dam of 4 winners inc.: Barrier Reef IRE ; : Champion 3yr old colt in Scandinavia in 2000, 8 wins, 99, 500 viz. 2 wins at 2 and placed twice inc. 2nd Juddmonte Beresford S., Gr.3; also 6 wins at 3 in Norway and placed viz. 2nd Stockholm Cup International, Gr.3. Dawn Chorus IRE ; : unraced; dam of SOLID APPROACH IRE ; 5 wins at 2 to 4, 2003 at home and in Hong Kong and 197, 144 inc. Queen Mother's Memorial Cup, L., placed 2nd Queen Mother's Memorial Cup, L. ; , Dangle IRE ; winner at 3, 2004 and placed inc. 2nd EBF Flame of Tara S., L. ; . Silly View IRE ; : winner at 4 and placed 5 times; dam of 3 winners inc.: KULACHI IRE ; : 3 wins to 2004 at home and in U.A.E. inc. Rose Bowl S., L. Silly Tune IRE ; : unraced; dam of a winner: KINGSINGER IRE ; : 7 wins at 2 to home and in Italy and 92, 205 inc. Premio Primi Passi, Gr.3, placed 2nd Oral B Marble Hill S., L.; sire. 3rd dam GLIDER by Buisson Ardent ; : winner at 3; dam of 7 winners inc.: JUGGERNAUT: 5 wins at 3 and 4 inc. White Rose S., Gr.3, placed twice; sire. ALIANTE: 5 wins and 2, 250, 000 lire inc. William Hill Gold Cup H., L., placed 3rd Premio Federico Tesio, Gr.2, 4th Queen Elizabeth II S., Gr.2; sire. Donello: 2 wins at 2 and 3 and placed 5 times inc. 3rd Rose of York H., L. and 4th Ladbroke Classic Trial S., Gr.3. Sheer Joy: unraced; dam of 6 winners inc.: JUMPABOUT: 5 wins and 24, 296 inc. Daily Mirror H., L. and Jubilee S. H., L. twice ; , placed 9 times inc. 2nd Ladbroke City & Suburban H., L.; sire. Stabled in Barn N Box 31 and arava.
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Sample agreement: Long-term controlled substances therapy for chronic pain. A consent form from the American Academy of Pain Medicine.
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Genentech is working to put a new formulation of its tPA Activase on the drug market. Its new drug, TNKase, represents the first thrombolytic agent that can be administered as a single injection, enhancing its potential usefulness in emergency and transport situations and in other scenarios outside of the hospital setting. Results from the ASSENT-2 Assessment of the Safety and Efficacy of a New Thrombolytic ; study in which 16, 950 heart attack patients received tPA or the modified form TNK are promising: "The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. The mortality rates at 30 days were almost identical -- at about 6.2 percent -- in the two groups" Wysong, 1999 ; . Additional advantages of single-bolus dosing include the ease of storage, reconstitution and administration of the drug for health-care providers who work in intense and emergent patient environments. These benefits improve access to therapy for heart attack patients. A similar genetically engineered thrombolytic agent is being developed by Bristol Myers Squibb Inc. Lanoteplase, a third-generation plasminogen activator nPA ; , is also being designed to have a prolonged half-life, an increased specificity for fibrin the primary component in intracoronary clots ; and increased resistance to proteins that can interfere with clot-dissolving effects. Results from a Phase III trial called TIME-II Intravenous nPA for Treatment of Infarcting Myocardium Early ; were comparable to the results of the ASSENT-2 study. Preliminary results comparing 15, 000 patients randomized to receive either lanoteplase or tPA showed that allcause mortality rates at 30 days were similar between the two groups. The possibility of singlebolus thrombolytic therapy not only facilitates better access to therapy for AMI patients, but should also result in fewer dosing errors McCann, 1999.
The following drug reference is not intended to be all inclusive. For most drugs, the only information contained in this book is the functional classification and the conditions for which the drug may be prescribed. I wrote this book originally for my own use in the field because I found that other pocket books quickly went out of date, contained more information than I needed or omitted what I felt was important information for me to function as a Paramedic. I really just wanted a book that enabled me to ascertain or confirm a patient's medical history based on the drugs they were prescribed and to ensure that any of the drugs that I administered would not interact adversely with the patient's medication. If there are any drugs missing from this book or information that you feel would be particularly relevant for Paramedics, please address your comments to: rob theriault oslerhcorg and type "Bag of Drugs" in the subject heading. Why "Bag of Drugs" Those of you who are experienced Paramedics will understand immediately why I chose the title "Bag of Drugs" for this book. For those of you who are students, when Paramedics arrive at the home of a patient, one of the first requests they make is that a family member gather up the patient's medication and place them in a bag so that the Paramedics can look at them and gain further insight to the patient's medical history or alert them to possible drug interactions or reactions The drugs are often brought in a bag to the hospital so that the medical staff can confirm the names of the drugs and dosages the patient is taking first hand. In addition, if there is a drug the patient has been prescribed that is not in the hospital's Formulary, the staff can then use the patient's own medication, for instance, differin adapalene.
CL.059 ROLE OF NFAT1 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR IN THE REGULATION OF ASHMATIC ALLERGIC RESPONSES Fonseca, B. P. F. 1, Martins, M. A. 2, Viola, J. P. B. 1 Diviso de Biologia Celular, Instituto Nacional de Cncer INCA ; , 2 Laboratrio de Inflamao, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacodinmica, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro. Introduction and Objectives: Despite being a marked feature of asthma, the molecular mechanisms that determine airways hyperreactivity AHR ; are not completely established. The main receptors involved in the bronchoconstriction process are the muscarinic receptors. These receptors are activated by acetylcholine and generate a calcium influx that activates the NFAT family of transcription factors. NFAT1-deficient mice NFAT1 ; preferentially differentiate towards a Th2 phenotype and present an increased eosinophilic allergic response when compared with NFAT1 + + mice. Based on this information we decided to study the role of NFAT1 in the pathology of allergic asthma and its influence in AHR. Methods and Results: NFAT1 + + and NFAT1 mice were subcutaneously sensitized with ovalbulmin OVA ; , receiving an intraperitoneal injection of the same antigen seven days later. Seven days after that, mice were submitted to allergenic provocation by an aerosol of OVA for three consecutive days. Under these conditions, NFAT1 mice presented an exacerbated inflammatory eosinophilic response in the lungs accompanied by high levels of serum IgE. NFAT1 mice also presented an increased Th2 response, high levels of eotaxin, intense inflammatory infiltrate and increased deposition of collagen fibers in the lung tissue when compared to NFAT1 + + mice. However, in contrast to NFAT1 + + mice, NFAT1 mice failed to express AHR following methacholine aerosol. Refractoriness of NFAT1 mice to methacholine provocation was confirmed in nave mice, suggesting that this refractoriness occurs in an intrinsic way, independently of the inflammatory status. Furthermore, when exposed to 5-hydroxitryptamine 5-HT ; provocation, NFAT1 OVA-sensitized mice presented markedly increased AHR rates in comparison with wild-type mice, indicating that NFAT1 AHR inhibition occurs in a specific way. Conclusion: These results altogether show that NFAT1 is extremely important to the regulation of the asthmatic response and essential to the bronchoconstriction specifically induced by the cholinergic pathway. Supported by: INCA FAF, FURNAS Centrais Eltricas S.A. and CNPq and advair.
Our system maintains the biological effects of the drug through oral delivery by overcoming four potential obstacles.
Groups, each containing not more than 7 families and a leader acceptable to all. The CBOs will comprise representatives from such basic groups. A CBO will elect its own chairperson, secretary and treasurer. Once CBOs are established in each of the villages, the leaders of all those CBOs will be encouraged to form a Consortium of CBOs. This CCBO will provide the forum for the village leaders to arrive at a consensus and express the village opinions and wishes when common issues related to the NCCSL projects in their villages are discussed. Formation of such a body would also ensure the continuity and sustainability of the program after the phasing out of the NCCSL projects. Capacity Building Programs - for Community Level participants Training on Leadership Development: There will be seminars and workshops, two each, one for men and the other for women, to be conducted over a period of two days. The village committee members and leaders of the CBOs would be trained in leadership and helped to develop their leadership skills. Reconstruction and Repair of Houses The government earmarked land for relocation for some of the affected populace, but this has not been implemented as many of the affected families believe that the relocation will have a negative influence on their livelihood. The government has introduced a low interest loan scheme for affected public servants to rebuild or repair their houses, but these activities redresses only a minority in the NCC-SL regions. Among the many houses needing repairs, 125 houses that need repairs of various degrees, would be attended to. In consultation with the CBOs, NCCSL will make a final assessment of needs before embarking on reparations. These repairs will be done by the families themselves. NCCSL and its implementing members will provide the needed materials. Whenever skilled labour is needed e.g. masons, carpenters, electricians ; they will be hired. The wages and other related expenses are included in the lump-sum for repair. Among the destroyed houses, 100 will be rebuilt, on safe lands, once confirmation of safety has been obtained. NCCSL will focus its assistance on the poor and marginalised people who are very likely to be missed out in such assistance schemes. Some of the affected families may need to relocate, and in such cases NCCSL will be active in encouraging villagers to leave their old property land to take up the Government's offer of lands in safer area. Also in the case of the reconstruction of the houses the families themselves will contribute with their own labour. All the houses will be reconstructed according to the same plan and the Project Officer appointed by NCCSL will be responsible for the supervision of the reconstruction. Under the crisis phase a budget line was included to train some of the villagers in masonry work. Distribution of livelihood inputs Around 250 farmers will need assistance to restart their agricultural activities. Therefore it is planned to provide agricultural inputs in the form of seeds and manure to the farmers. Tools and equipment will be provided to 100 artisans 50 craftsmen and 50 miners ; . Village centres To support the community activities, including the training activities as well as the activities of the CBOs and CCBOs, some assistance will be provided to the Village Centres. A lump sum of Rs. 2000 will be provided for furniture and Rs. 800 for stationary for each centre.