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Ofloxacin
Table 6 to assess the reasonability of this table, it was examined from two perspectives.
Diego, Sept. 27-30, 2002 ; .261 Specifically, this retrospective study was designed to compare length of stay LOS ; data for CAP patients treated with single-agent levofloxacin vs. those treated with ceftriaxone azithromycin. In this retrospective study, 434 patients from two community teaching hospitals with clinical diagnoses of CAP were studied. A total of 225 140 + 85 ; patients in the levofloxacin group were carefully matched to similar patients 164 [108 + 56] ; in the ceftriaxone azithromycin group. Patients' charts and computer records were analyzed from two community teaching hospitals at different time intervals. Patients analyzed had been admitted and discharged with a clinical diagnoses of CAP. A data collection form was designed to collect the data. Overall, 225 140 + 85 ; patients in the levofloxacin group were carefully matched to similar patients 164 [108 + 56] ; in the ceftriaxone azithromycin group and 45 patients in the other single-agent group. Fine criteria for CAP risk stratification and prediction of mortality were followed to ensure similar risk profiles for patients studied in each group.261 Pneumonia risk classes and scores were closely followed for each study group. The ceftriaxone azithromycin group showed a mean Fine score of 98 vs. 89 in the levofloxacin group. Hospital length of stay LOS ; was longer in the levofloxacin group than in the ceftriaxone azithromycin group: 6.6 days vs. 4.4 days, respectively, P 0.0001. A two-way ANOVA showed convincing homogeneity of this treatment effect on LOS for Fine score severity risk class. Risk class was an independent risk factor associated with increased LOS. The authors concluded that despite lower Fine scores, CAP patients in the levofloxacin group had a longer LOS by at least 2 days vs. those in the ceftriaxone azithromycin group. Since this study is retrospective, additional prospective, randomized studies needed for further analysis are required to confirm these findings. Despite important limitations of this study small sample size, retrospective analysis, limited number of sites, and presentation of data in abstract form only ; , the conclusions are consistent with the study by Waterer and colleagues.16 This study demonstrated improved outcomes with combination cephalosporin macrolide therapy, and suggests the need for additional prospective randomized trials to provide confirmation of current trends favoring two-drug therapy for high-risk patients with CAP. Although all current national guidelines for CAP management, including the IDSA, ATS, ASCAP, and CDC-DRSPWG consensus recommendations, stress the importance of combining third-generation cephalosporins with a macrolide, studies demonstrating the favorable effect on mortality rates associated with combined therapy have been published only recently. Further support for a ceftriaxone azithromycin combination has been strengthened by a recent investigation in which a group retrospectively analyzed all cases of bacteremic S. pneumoniae pneumonia in patients age 18 and older hospitalized from 1995 to 2000.262 Standard, initial therapeutic regimen in this index institution was cefuroxime plus or minus macrolide from 1995.
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For this indicator to make sense, the MOH must use competitive tenders. Collect data on the total value of all drugs purchased during the last ftical year, and on the value of drugs purchased through formal competitive tenders. Information may be available from a central purchasing agency; in many cases, information must be compikd based on data from the health facilities which are visited.
Watkinson AJ, Murby EJ, Costanzo SD. Water Res. 2007 May 22; [Epub ahead of print] National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Brisbane, Qld 4108, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Water Quality and Treatment, PMB 3, Salisbury, SA 5108, Australia. Abstract; Removal of 28 human and veterinary antibiotics was assessed in a conventional activated sludge ; and advanced microfiltration reverse osmosis ; wastewater treatment plant WWTP ; in Brisbane, Australia. The dominant antibiotics detected in wastewater influents were cephalexin med. 4.6mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , ciprofloxacin med. 3.8mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , cefaclor med. 0.5mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , sulphamethoxazole med. 0.36mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; and trimethoprim med. 0.34mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; . Results indicated that both treatment plants significantly reduced antibiotic concentrations with an average removal rate from the liquid phase of 92%. However, antibiotics were still detected in both effluents from the low-to-mid ngL -1 ; range. Antibiotics detected in effluent from the activated sludge WWTP included ciprofloxacin med. 0.6mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , sulphamethoxazole med. 0.27mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; lincomycin med. 0.05mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; and trimethoprim med. 0.05mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; . Antibiotics identified in microfiltration reverse osmosis product water included naladixic acid med. 0.045mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , enrofloxacin med. 0.01mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , roxithromycin med. 0.01mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , norfloxacin med. 0.005mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , oleandomycin med. 0.005mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , trimethoprim med. 0.005mugL -1 ; , freq. 100% ; , tylosin med. 0.001mugL 1 ; , freq. 100% ; , and lincomycin med. 0.001mugL -1 ; , freq. 66% ; . Certain traditional parameters, including nitrate concentration, conductivity and turbidity of the effluent were assessed as predictors of total antibiotic concentration, however only conductivity demonstrated any correlation with total antibiotic concentration p 0.018, r 0.7 ; . There is currently a lack of information concerning the effects of these chemicals to critically assess potential risks for environmental discharge and water recycling. PMID: 17524445 [Pubmed - as supplied by publisher]!
The following standard operating procedure for dispensing and checking medications was in place at the pharmacy at the time of the dispensing error involving Mr A: "Standard Operating Procedure Pharmacy Name: Subject: Page: Document: Issue Date: Supersedes: The pharmacy Dispensing and Checking Procedure 1 A 1.5.2000 N A NEW DOCUMENT Old S.O.P.
| Where to buy OfloxacinThe reason for this is mainly that skin has been provided by nature with a variety of insuperable qualities in order to maintain its function as an intact barrier to the ingress of extraneous substances into the body in this respect, see: transdermal drug delivery: problems and possibilities, m and felodipine.
GRASP has proven to be a successful collaboration, with the 24 participating laboratories and 26 participating GUM clinics collecting data on over 11 000 isolates since 2000. Data on these isolates has allowed us to calculate reliable prevalence estimates of gonococcal antimicrobial resistance in England and Wales, and monitor changes over time. It has also enabled us to identify clinical and epidemiological associations with gonococcal antimicrobial resistance. Most importantly the prevalence estimates produced by GRASP have allowed us to inform national antimicrobial prescribing policy 2, 3. In 2004, a significant rise in the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance to 14% was observed, which is comparable with the prevalences currently seen in several European countries.8, 9, 10, 11 . The prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance in 2004 rose to be more than triple in males than females 18% cf. 5% ; and for the first time significantly greater in MSM at 27% more than double that seen in heterosexual males 11% ; . The rapid increase of ciprofloxacin resistance in MSM in the past year to more than double that observed in heterosexual males indicate ciprofloxacin resistance has now become widely distributed and endemic within the population as shown in recent molecular typing studies12. Despite no longer being recommended as a first-line therapy for uncomplicated gonococcal infection ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin were prescribed to nearly a quarter of patients in 2004. This is particularly worrisome considering the high prevalence of resistance seen in both heterosexual males and MSM. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance continues to vary significantly between regions in England and Wales in 2004, but remained at 5% in all regions. Increases in ciprofloxacin resistance prevalence despite decreased usage of fluoroquinolones were seen most notably in the North East, where the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance increased to 35% despite the low proportion of patients prescribed fluoroquinolones in 2003 and 2004. Current treatment-guidelines recommend cephalosporins: ceftriaxone or cefixime as first-line therapy5. Seventy percent of GRASP individuals were treated with a cephalosporin in 2004, of whom over half were prescribed cefixime. No isolates demonstrated decreased susceptibility to either cefixime or ceftriaxone, but it is essential that the appropriate cephalosporin is used to prevent emergence of resistance13. Moreover the prevalence of azithromycin resistance increased significantly to 2% in 2004, double that seen in 2003. Nearly one third of patients in GRASP were prescribed azithromycin to treat gonococcal and or concurrent chlamydial infection. The data presented here highlight the variations in both resistance prevalence and prescribing practice at both the clinic and regional level in participating clinics in 2004. As in previous years the 2004 collection found relatively few changes in the risk factors, clinical and behavioural presentations of gonococcal infection. In 2004, GRASP collected HIV status of patients for the first time. The prevalence of HIV amongst individuals diagnosed with gonorrhoea and of known HIV status was found to be 32% in MSM, 3% in heterosexual males, and 0% in females. These results are in-line with the HIV prevalence found in other studies of coinfection of HIV and acute STI's14. In 2004 the burden of gonococcal infection remained highly concentrated within demographic and behavioural risk groups in England and Wales. The findings discussed in this report continue to highlight the changes in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance observed in England and Wales, alongside the continued constancy in the epidemiology of gonococcal infection in 2004. Moreover the continued heterogeneity of antimicrobial resistance prevalence seen across the regions highlights the continued need for local and national monitoring of antimicrobial resistance so treatment strategies can remain responsive to its changing epidemiology.
Drugspedia floxin otic, floxin otic drugs search, click the first letter of a drug name: a b c home floxin otic generic name: ofloxacin otic oh flocks a sin oh tic ; brand names: floxin otic what is ofloxacin otic and fenofibrate.
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C. A valid verbal, performance, or full scale IQ of 60 through 70 and a physical or other mental impairment imposing an additional and significant work-related limitation of function" 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P, App. 1 12.05. Here, the ALJ did not find that the Plaintiff's mental impairment met the mental retardation Listing. The ALJ did find that the Plaintiff had two other severe mental health impairments: depression and bi-polar disorder. The Plaintiff contends that the ALJ only analyzed whether she met one mental listing, Listing 12.04. Listing 12.04 describes affective disorders, which are.
Tistical differences between the 2 treatment groups. Expressed another way, when comparing the rates of TTO plus tube plugging of treated patients vs controls, there was an almost 18% to 22% increased rate of tube failure if postoperative drops were not used. Even if the limits of the 95% confidence intervals were used to assume the least possible difference between using drops and not using drops, there was an almost 9% to 13% reduction in failure rates with the use of prophylactic drops. Most parents have high expectations regarding the success rate of TT placement, and there is very little risk or negative adverse effects in using prophylactic otic drops postoperatively. Given these factors, we believe that these rates of risk reduction in tube failure are clinically significant. Again, it can be noted, however, that these differences exist primarily in patients who demonstrate MEE at the time of TT placement. A final consideration in determining the use of prophylactic otic drops following TT placement is patient satisfaction with the therapy. This was assessed by means of a postoperative questionnaire in this study. As demonstrated in Table 3, patients appeared to have less pain and dislike in the administration of ofloxacin drops compared with neomycinpolymyxin B drops. One possible explanation for this may be the overall more neutral pH found in the ofloxacin preparation8 pH of 6.50.5 ; compared with the overall more acidic neomycinpolymyxin B drops9 pH range, 3.0-7.0 ; . Although the assessment of tolerance of a medication by children can be subject to interpretation bias, the use of caregivers as surrogates to assess patient tolerance of an intervention is well accepted in pediatric clinical research. Care was also taken throughout the study to avoid giving the parents information or direction that might bias their decision of the tolerance of the various otic preparations. Furthermore, the individuals responsible for assessing the survey responses were blinded to the patient's study group. In conclusion, the use of prophylactic otic drops following TT placement appears warranted based on their ability to achieve lower rates of otorrhea and higher rates of tube patency. In patients without MEE at the time of TT placement, the benefit of prophylactic drops is far less clear. In light of recently developed quinolone otic preparations for which there is no concern regarding ototoxicity, 10, 11 the use of postoperative drops has an even more favorable riskbenefit profile. Considering ototoxicity, patient tolerance of drop administration and the equivalent efficacy of ofloxacin and neomycinpolymyxin B in limiting the difficulties of otorrhea and tube plugging seen in control patients, ofloxacin would appear to be a superior choice for postoperative TT prophylactic otic drops. Additional areas of study should focus on the optimal time for drop administration following TT placement and blinded randomized controlled trials investigating nonantibiotic-containing preparations as well as the recently developed quinolonesteroid otic drops, which were approved by the Food and Drug Administration for middle ear use. In light of the frequency of TT placement, high-quality studies in these areas are needed to guide practitioners and patients and to avoid therapy based on empirical data. Such studies would truly have the potential to affect a large group of patients with significant implications regarding health care expenditures and tricor.
Certain provisions in india's patent law, while making her something of an untouchable to the international pharmaceutical kingpins, account for a thriving generics industry.
Reprinted with permission from Berger BA, Lloyd KB. Improving outcomes in allergic rhinitis through patient-focused care: a guide for pharmacists. Video Companion Workbook ; . Canadian Council on Continuing Education in Pharmacy file number 620-0300. Westmount, Quebec: Communimed; 2000. A P P Amanda returned to the counseling room with the sustainedrelease, first-generation antihistamine product she planned to recommend. Before going into depth about the product, she briefly told TJ how it should be taken and asked her if she thought that this type of product would fit into her daily routine. By asking TJ for her input, Amanda was including her in developing a plan for her allergy management and increasing the likelihood that she would be compliant. Amanda was respecting TJ's maturity and communicating that this was TJ's decision. Once TJ agreed to the suggested therapy, Amanda expanded her education session to include in lay terms information about how the medication works, how it should be taken, when to expect it to begin working, and possible adverse effects. She emphasized the need to take the antihistamine before allergen exposure in order to maximize the effectiveness of the product, and she discussed how in TJ's case, this might require daily therapy throughout the pollen season. She discussed how the information TJ would be recording in her allergy diary would help with learning more about her pattern of symptoms. Amanda was careful to discuss the effectiveness of the medication first, before reviewing the possible adverse effects. Finally, Amanda reviewed the possible adverse effects of the product. She instructed TJ to take the medication with food to decrease the chance of an upset stomach. Then she and flavoxate.
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More than 30% reversibility after nebulization of salbutamol. The alpha-1 antitrypsin levels were on the lower limit of normal. Sputum culture grew Pseudomonas species and it was treated with cefdinir and ciprofloxacin. Patient was discharged on inhalational steroids. Primary ciliary dyskinesia is responsible for 5% of cases of bronchiectasis. Kartagener's syndrome is a rare syndrome, which is a triad of bronchiectasis, situs inversus and chronic sinusitis. Here we report a rare occurrence of panlobular emphysema in a patient with Kartagener's syndrome.
Mexico, South Africa, and Germany. The duration of therapy was 10 to 21 days mean duration of treatment was 11 days with a range of 1 to days ; . The primary objective of the study was to assess musculoskeletal and neurological safety within 6 weeks of therapy and through one year of follow-up in the 335 ciprofloxacin- and 349 comparatortreated patients enrolled. An Independent Pediatric Safety Committee IPSC ; reviewed all cases of musculoskeletal adverse events as well as all patients with an abnormal gait or abnormal joint exam baseline or treatment-emergent ; . These events were evaluated in a comprehensive fashion and included such conditions as arthralgia, abnormal gait, abnormal joint exam, joint sprains, leg pain, back pain, arthrosis, bone pain, pain, myalgia, arm pain, and decreased range of motion in a joint. The affected joints included: knee, elbow, ankle, hip, wrist, and shoulder. Within 6 weeks of treatment initiation, the rates of these events were 9.3% 31 335 ; in the ciprofloxacin-treated group versus 6.0 % 21 349 ; in comparator-treated patients. The majority of these events were mild or moderate in intensity. All musculoskeletal events occurring by 6 weeks resolved clinical resolution of signs and symptoms ; , usually within 30 days of end of treatment. Radiological evaluations were not routinely used to confirm resolution of the events. The events occurred more frequently in ciprofloxacin-treated patients than control patients, regardless of whether they received I.V. or oral therapy. Ciprofloxacin-treated patients were more likely to report more than one event and on more than one occasion compared to control patients. These events occurred in all age groups and the rates were consistently higher in the ciprofloxacin group compared to the control group. At the end of 1 year, the rate of these events reported at any time during that period was 13.7% 46 335 ; in the ciprofloxacintreated group versus 9.5% 33 349 ; comparator-treated patients. An adolescent female discontinued ciprofloxacin for wrist pain that developed during treatment. An MRI performed 4 weeks later showed a tear in the right ulnar fibrocartilage. A diagnosis of overuse syndrome secondary to sports activity was made, but a contribution from ciprofloxacin cannot be excluded. The patient recovered by 4 months without surgical intervention. Findings Involving Joint or Peri-articular Tissues as Assessed by the IPSC Ciprofloxacin All Patients within 6 weeks ; 95% Confidence Interval * Age Group 12 months 24 months 2 years 6 years 6 years 12 years 12 years to 17 years 1 36 2.8% ; 5 124 4.0% ; 18 143 12.6% ; 7 32 21.9% ; 0 41 3 118 ; 12 153 7.8% ; 6 37 16.2 % ; 31 335 9.3% ; Comparator 21 349 6.0 and urispas.
Table 3. Frequency of Specific Complications Within 6 Months of Symptom Onset According to Antiviral Treatment, because what is ofloxacin.
Genes, C. freundii, and C. diversus MIC90 range, 0.015 to 0.12 g ml ; . Meropenem was also more active than GV129606 against the Proteeae MIC90 range, 0.06 to 0.5 g ml ; , with the higher MICs against P. stuartii. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, E. cloacae, E. aerogenes, C. diversus, P. vulgaris, and M. morganii were two- to fourfold more susceptible to ciprofloxacin than GV129606, whereas GV129606 exhibited equal or greater potency than ciprofloxacin against C. freundii, P. mirabilis, P. rettgeri, P. stuartii, and Serratia marcescens. In general, the Enterobacteriaceae were more uniformly susceptible to GV129606 than piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefpirome and gentamicin. Table 3 shows the susceptibilities to GV129606 of selected isolates of C. freundii, E. cloacae, and S. marcescens which produce inducible group 1 -lactamases 1 ; , conferring resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. GV129606 showed a MIC90 range of 0.5 to 2 g ml, similar to the activity obtained against the same genera not expressing the resistance. Meropenem was also indifferent to the presence of the enzymes MIC90s, 0.06 to 0.5 g ml ; . With the exception of cefpirome which exhibited an MIC90 of 4 g against C. freundii, none of the isolates tested were susceptible to piperacillin, ceftazidime, or cefpirome. Gram-negative nonfermentative bacterial species were also tested. The majority of strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, including those resistant to -lactams with the exception of carbapenems ; and to gentamicin, were sensitive to meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and GV129606. Against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, GV129606 was as active as cefpirome, but it was more active than ceftazidime, piperacillin, and gentamicin MIC90s, 0.5, 32, and 16 g ml, respectively ; . Ciprofloxacin and meropenem were the most active agents tested against this species. All of the test compounds showed good activity against P. aeruginosa ceftazidime-sensitive category ; , as the MIC90s ranged from 1 to 4 ml, with only cefpirome exhibiting less potency MIC90, 8 g ml ; . However, there was greater differentiation against the P. aeruginosa ceftazidime-resistant category where ciprofloxacin was the most active MIC90, 0.25 g ml ; , GV129606, meropenem, and gentamicin were moderately active MIC90, 8 g ml ; , and piperacillin, ceftazidime, and cefpirome were without activity. Against isolates of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, none of the test compounds had useful activity data not shown ; . The in vitro activities recorded for GV129606 against H. influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were unexpectably 8- to 32-fold less active than the other -lactams tested and 128-fold less active than ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin was the most active agent tested against and flunarizine.
Protein binding 65% Peak concentration in 1 hour, linear and proportional to dose Extensive hepatic metabolism by CYP 1A2 with urinary excretion of the metabolites Absorption not influenced by the presence of food Half life 1.3 hours Drug interactions: increased rasagiline levels when given with ciprofloxacin, fluvoxamine; reduced rasagiline levels when given with omeprazole; interaction potential seen with tyramine containing food products; potential for serotonin syndrome if given with SSRI or meperidine; do not use rasagiline with non-selective MAOI's.
Alper BS, Curry SH. Urinary tract infection in children. Fam Physician. 2005 Dec 15; 72 12 ; : 2483-8. Fourcroy JL, et al. Efficacy and safety of a novel once-daily extended-release ciprofloxacin tablet formulation for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Oct; 49 10 ; : 4137-43. InfoPOEMs: A single dose of an extended-release version of ciprofloxacin Cipro XR ; is as effective as the immediate-release version taken twice daily for 3 days. The tiny reduction in the likelihood of and flupenthixol.
Jama 1995; 2 2-40 smith nl, savage pj, heckbert sr, et al glucose, blood pressure, and lipid control in older people with and without diabetes mellitus: the cardiovascular health study.
Refer to GUM Clinic. Olfoxacin Offloxacin Treat for 4 weeks. Refer to GUM Clinic if STD suspected. Treat for 2 weeks. Refer to GUM Clinic if STD suspected and fluvoxamine.
The mechanisms leading to the development of liver disorders with levofloxacin are not well defined.
Soon after the introduction of PIs, several case reports suggested an association between these drugs and increased frequency and severity of bleeding in patients with hemophilia.61, 62 In most patients, bleeding increased within the first few weeks of PI therapy, but the onset ranged from a few days to many months after initiation of therapy. Not only did bleeding occur more frequently, but it occurred at unusual sites such as the small joints of the hands and the soft tissues of the palms. Although most PIs have been implicated, RTV in particular is associated with this adverse effect. The mechanism is unknown. However, the patients' coagulation parameters are typically normal, and factor VIII replacement is not efficacious in resolving the bleeding.63 Hemophiliac patients taking PIs should be monitored for increased bleeding, and PI therapy should be discontinued if it occurs. If undergoing surgery, these patients may benefit from temporary cessation of PI therapy during the perioperative period. When possible, a non-PI regimen should be considered for these patients and luvox and ofloxacin, for example, ofloxaci gel.
The high prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in raw poultry meat samples found in this study agrees with data from other studies [17-19]. Compared to the situation in other countries, the data of this study show a favourable resistance situation for Campylobacter strains isolated from raw poultry meat produced in Switzerland. In the USA, 90% of Campylobacter strains isolated from poultry meat had resistance to at least one and 45% to at least two antibiotics [20]. In our study, 28.7% of the isolated strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin. This prevalence is comparable to the results reported in the cited American study [20]. A much higher prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistant strains was found in Austria 47% ; [21], while a lower prevalence was reported in Denmark 6% ; [22]. However, it has to be considered, that in our study the resistance to ciprofloxacin was significantly higher in Campylobacter spp. isolated from foreign products than from Swiss products. Nevertheless, the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance in Campylobacter strains from Swiss poultry meat products was 19% and thus higher than for any other antibiotic.
Guidance, and referral information for providers. SafeLink has the capacity to provide multilingual translation in more than 140 languages. Their staff is trained and available to provide counseling services, support groups, and advocacy services 24 hours a day for victims of DV. Jane Doe Inc. janedoe ; has an extensive listing of Massachusetts DV organizations and resources listed by geographic area. You may also contact Beacon Health Strategies 1-800-4142820 ; , NHP's behavioral health partner, or go to the Smart Neighbor link on the NHP website nhp ; where you will find resources that are searchable by community, population, and type of resource related to Domestic Violence. For more information on NHP's support of DV initiatives, please contact Sara Nechasek, Sr. Program Manager, at sara nechasek nhp and folic.
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Only patients with infections limited to one toe, isolated ulcers and localized skin abscesses were included in the study. More extensive foot infections and generalized conditions which may adversely affect the outcome were excluded. Thus, gangrene of two or more toes, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, patients with hepatic or renal failure, or concomitant severe peripheral vascular disease were excluded. Group I. Ten patients, six males and four females with diabetic foot infections were treated with oflloxacin 200 mg orally for six weeks. The mean age was 62.6.
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In Swiss Healthcare like in many other healthcare systems more and more efforts are being made to improve quality, reduce errors and optimise processes in modern patient care. Physicians and nurses are getting accustomed to new electronic tools supporting their daily work. Introducing computerised support is a move towards e-healthcare. The implementation of new electronic tools can support work and offers the opportunity to monitor health professionals' behaviour and decisions. Prescription and administration of drugs are the most frequent interventions in healthcare over all. Only little is known about the prescribing practices of hospital physicians. Since only a small proportion of hospitals worldwide, as in Switzerland, use computerised support during drug prescription Computerised Physician Order Entry CPOE ; and due to the fact that analysis of handwritten prescriptions is time consuming and difficult to perform, the only information currently available on how Swiss physicians prescribe their drugs is based on data of drug consumption in a particular hospital or in Switzerland in general. As our wards have been using CPOE for more than 3 years the first starting in 2002, the last in spring 2005 ; enough data are available to report a reasonable sample of prescriptions based on our daily work. There are many reasons for introducing CPOE. According to the literature, about 5% of inpatients suffer from medication errors, many of them caused by incorrect or unclear prescriptions [1]. As demonstrated by several studies, the introduction of CPOE leads to a decrease in medication error rates of as much as 5580% [2] and furthermore, process optimisation is gained for physicians as well as for nurses [3]. Being the first step in modern medication handling, CPOE also offers an opportunity to check the prescription itself, eg, evaluation of drug-drug-interactions and known allergies, proposals of adapted dose regimens during.
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